2020考研英语阅读细节题解题步骤和技巧

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针对细节理解题，同学们大致上可以遵循以下的三个解题步骤：

一、利用题文同序原则模糊定位

命题专家们在命制细节题时基本遵循的是题文同序原则，也就是说题目的顺序与题目所考察内容在文中出现的段落顺序是相吻合的。学员们在做细节理解题时可以先给文章标注段落，然后根据题目的顺序以及题目中的信息点快速锁定答案区。要注意的是文章段落分为多于五段和少于五段两种情况，那么也就是会出现一段对应一题，两段对应一题和一段对应两题的三种情况。

二、利用题干中关键词精准定位

在利用题文同序原则快速定位后同学们还需要做好精准定位，也就是定位到具体的某一句话，那么在这里有两种情况需要同学们注意：

1. 如果题干中存在唯一可能关键词，对于这类细节题，根据题干关键词回文章定位到那一句话，然后找关键信息就可以了。

2. 如果题干中的关键词在文章中多次出现，则可 以利用题干中的其他词进行辅助定位，例如：

Come on—Everybody’s doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. It usually leads to no good—drinking, drugs and casual sex. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.

21. According to the first paragraph, peer pressure often emerges as

[A] a supplement to the social cure.

[B] a stimulus to group dynamics.

[C] an obstacle to social progress.

[D] a cause of undesirable behaviors.

题干中的关键词peer pressure在文中出现了三次，对于定位造成了一定干扰，这个时候究竟定位到哪句话，就要根据题干中出现的另一个词often来辅助定位了。虽然文章中没有出现often这个词，不过在第二个peer pressure(此处用it代替了)中出现了usually这个词，因此我们定位到It usually leads to no good—drinking, drugs and casual sex.这句话，最终确定答案为D。

三、选项中信息关键词定位

“The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,” says Dawna Markova, author of The Open Mind. “But we are taught instead to ‘decide’, just as our president calls himself ‘the Decider’.” She adds, however, that “to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.”

24. Dawna Markova most probably agree that

[A] ideas are born of a relaxing mind.

[B] innovativeness could be taught.

[C] decisiveness derives from fantastic ideas.

[D] curiosity activates creative minds.

在这个题目中，首先根据题干的关键词Dawna Markova可以定位到这个段落，然后我们发现这一段话都是Dawna Markova所说的话，定位范围比较广，接下来要做的就是把选项带入文中一一匹配，看看是否有相同的词汇或者同义词，第一句话提到innovation,wonder，D选项提到curiosity,creative minds,其实我们不难发现curiosity对应的就是wonder,creative minds对应的就是文中的innovation,选项中的表述是对段首句的同义替换，因此确定答案为D。